Adderall and methylphenidate are two of the most commonly prescribed stimulant medications for ADHD, but they work differently. Adderall contains amphetamine salts, which increase dopamine and norepinephrine levels and often provide longer-lasting, more energizing effects. Methylphenidate, found in medications like Ritalin and Concerta, also boosts these neurotransmitters but is often better tolerated by some patients, especially children. Effectiveness varies widely—some respond better to Adderall, others to methylphenidate. Side effects can include appetite loss, insomnia, and increased heart rate. The right choice depends on individual symptoms, response, and tolerability, and should be guided by a healthcare professional.